AWS Lambda (sdk) TooManyRequestsException encountered when invoking AWS Lambda functions.
Understanding AWS Lambda
AWS Lambda is a serverless compute service that allows you to run code without provisioning or managing servers. It automatically scales your application by running code in response to each trigger, such as changes in data or system state. AWS Lambda is designed to handle a high volume of requests, but there are limits to how many requests it can process concurrently.
Identifying the Symptom
When working with AWS Lambda, you might encounter the TooManyRequestsException. This error typically manifests as a throttling issue, where your requests to invoke a Lambda function are being limited. The error message might look like this:
{
"errorMessage": "Rate exceeded",
"errorType": "TooManyRequestsException"
}
Explaining the TooManyRequestsException
The TooManyRequestsException occurs when your requests exceed the allowed request rate for AWS Lambda. Each AWS account has a default limit on the number of concurrent executions and requests per second. When these limits are exceeded, AWS Lambda throttles the requests, resulting in this exception.
For more information on AWS Lambda limits, you can refer to the AWS Lambda Limits documentation.
Steps to Resolve the TooManyRequestsException
1. Implement Retry Logic with Exponential Backoff
To handle throttling gracefully, implement retry logic with exponential backoff in your application. This involves retrying the request after a delay, which increases exponentially with each retry attempt. Here's a simple example in Python:
import time
import random
def exponential_backoff(retries):
return min(2 ** retries + random.uniform(0, 1), 60)
retries = 0
while retries < 5:
try:
# Call your AWS Lambda function here
break
except TooManyRequestsException:
delay = exponential_backoff(retries)
time.sleep(delay)
retries += 1
2. Request a Service Limit Increase
If your application consistently exceeds the default limits, consider requesting a service limit increase. You can do this through the AWS Support Center:
- Go to the AWS Support Center.
- Select Service Limit Increase.
- Choose AWS Lambda as the service.
- Specify the region and the limit you want to increase.
- Submit your request.
3. Optimize Your Lambda Functions
Review your Lambda functions to ensure they are optimized for performance. This includes minimizing execution time, reducing resource usage, and ensuring efficient code. For optimization tips, refer to the AWS Lambda Best Practices.
Conclusion
By implementing retry logic, requesting a limit increase, and optimizing your Lambda functions, you can effectively manage and resolve the TooManyRequestsException. Understanding and adhering to AWS Lambda's limits is crucial for maintaining a reliable and efficient serverless application.
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