Pydantic A field expected to be an email received an invalid email format.
Understanding Pydantic
Pydantic is a data validation and settings management library for Python, leveraging Python's type annotations. It is widely used for ensuring data integrity and correctness by validating data against defined models.
Identifying the Symptom
When using Pydantic, you might encounter the error code value_error.email. This error typically arises when a field expected to be an email address receives an input that does not match the standard email format.
Exploring the Issue
The value_error.email error indicates that the input provided to a field defined with EmailStr or similar email validation types in Pydantic is not a valid email address. Pydantic uses regular expressions to check if the input matches the typical structure of an email, which includes a local part, an '@' symbol, and a domain part.
Common Causes
- Missing '@' symbol in the email address.
- Invalid characters in the local or domain part.
- Missing domain or top-level domain.
Steps to Fix the Issue
To resolve the value_error.email, follow these steps:
Step 1: Verify the Input
Ensure that the input string is a valid email address. It should have the format [email protected]. For example, [email protected] is a valid email address.
Step 2: Update the Input
If the input is incorrect, update it to a valid email format. You can use online tools like Email Regex to test and validate email formats.
Step 3: Modify the Pydantic Model
Ensure that the Pydantic model is correctly using EmailStr for email fields. Here is an example:
from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr
class UserModel(BaseModel):
email: EmailStr
# Example usage
user = UserModel(email='[email protected]')
Step 4: Test the Changes
After making the necessary changes, test the application to ensure that the error is resolved. You can run your Python script or application to verify that the email validation now passes without errors.
Additional Resources
For more information on Pydantic and its features, you can refer to the official Pydantic documentation. Additionally, for more insights on email validation, check out Wikipedia's article on email addresses.
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