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Vonage Voice Invalid NCCO

The NCCO (Nexmo Call Control Object) is malformed or incorrect.

Understanding Vonage Voice API

Vonage Voice API is a powerful tool that allows developers to integrate voice communication capabilities into their applications. It provides a range of features such as making and receiving calls, controlling call flows, and integrating with other communication channels. The API is designed to be flexible and scalable, making it suitable for various use cases from simple call handling to complex interactive voice response (IVR) systems.

Identifying the Symptom: Invalid NCCO

When working with the Vonage Voice API, you might encounter an error message indicating an 'Invalid NCCO'. This symptom typically manifests as a failure in call setup or unexpected behavior in call handling. The error message is a clear indication that there is an issue with the Nexmo Call Control Object (NCCO) being used in your application.

Exploring the Issue: What is an Invalid NCCO?

The NCCO is a JSON array that defines the actions Vonage should take during a call. An 'Invalid NCCO' error occurs when this JSON structure is malformed or does not conform to the expected format. This can happen due to syntax errors, missing required fields, or incorrect data types. Understanding the structure and requirements of an NCCO is crucial for resolving this issue.

Common Causes of Invalid NCCO

  • Missing or incorrect action types.
  • Improperly nested JSON objects.
  • Incorrect data types for specific fields.

Steps to Fix the Invalid NCCO Issue

To resolve the 'Invalid NCCO' error, follow these steps:

Step 1: Validate Your NCCO Structure

Ensure that your NCCO is a valid JSON array. Use online JSON validators like JSONLint to check for syntax errors. Make sure each action in the NCCO is correctly formatted and contains all required fields.

Step 2: Review the NCCO Documentation

Refer to the Vonage NCCO Reference to understand the required structure and fields for each action type. Ensure that your NCCO adheres to these specifications.

Step 3: Test with Sample NCCO

Use a known working NCCO example from the Vonage Code Snippets and test it in your application. This can help identify if the issue is with your specific NCCO or elsewhere in your application.

Step 4: Debugging and Logging

Implement logging in your application to capture the NCCO being sent to Vonage. This can help you identify discrepancies or errors in the NCCO structure. Use tools like Postman to simulate API requests and inspect responses.

Conclusion

By carefully validating and reviewing your NCCO structure, you can resolve the 'Invalid NCCO' error and ensure smooth operation of your voice communication features. Always refer to the official Vonage documentation for the most accurate and up-to-date information.

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