sudo systemctl status postgresql or ps aux | grep postgres.services.msc to find the PostgreSQL service and check its status.ping <PostgreSQL_Server_IP> to check network connectivity.telnet <PostgreSQL_Server_IP> 5432 to check if the port is open and accessible.sudo netstat -plntu | grep postgres on the server to see if PostgreSQL is listening on the correct port (default is 5432).postgresql.conf for the listen_addresses and port settings. Ensure listen_addresses is set to '*', or the specific IP of your server, and the port is correct./etc/postgresql/<version>/main/postgresql.conf on Linux or in the data directory of PostgreSQL.psql and run SELECT * FROM pg_stat_activity; to see active connections and ensure you haven't reached the maximum connection limit.pg_hba.conf file to ensure your client’s IP address, user, and database have the correct access permissions./etc/postgresql/<version>/main/pg_hba.conf on Linux or in the data directory of PostgreSQL./var/log/postgresql/ on Linux.sudo systemctl restart postgresql.services.msc, right-click on the PostgreSQL service, and choose restart.Each of these steps is actionable and designed to specifically address the error message by investigating and resolving common causes for the inability to establish a SQL connection.
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